• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion

  2022-06-14

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Disclosures Author contributions Acknowledgements Introduction Diabetes mellitus is one of the fastest growing chronic diseases worldwide, with an estimated prevalence of 382 million patients, of which about 90% have type 2 diabetes melli

• Next to their indirect effect on ASBT expression microbiota

  2022-06-14

  

  Next to their indirect effect on ASBT expression, microbiota are also directly involved in BA homeostasis and FXR-FGF15/19 signaling. Different species of intestinal microbiota have the ability to biotransform BAs mainly by deconjugation and subsequent de-hydroxylation, the latter resulting in more

• Several studies have shown that the levels of reactive dicar

  2022-06-14

  

  Several studies have shown that the levels of reactive dicarbonyls are higher in patients with diabetes as a result of hyperglycemia.49, 50, 51 Consequently, reactive dicarbonyl-derived AGEs are elevated in plasma and accumulate in tissues prone to secondary complications, including the lens, retina

• AFB Fapy dG has been long

  2022-06-14

  

  AFB1-Fapy-dG has been long recognized as a substrate for nucleotide excision repair [24,25]. However, we recently demonstrated that this lesion is removed by Nitrendipine excision repair. We showed that DNA glycosylase NEIL1, a member of the Fpg/Nei glycosylase family, could excise AFB1-Fapy-dG from

• Recognition and Repair of DNA Damage DNA is

  2022-06-14

  

  Recognition and Repair of DNA Damage DNA is a reactive molecule that is continually challenged by both endogenous and exogenous insults 1., 2.. Cellular metabolites and their byproducts, environmental toxins, and radiation alter the chemical structure of DNA, producing a wide spectrum of DNA damage

• There are three classes of receptors

  2022-06-14

  

  There are three classes of receptors for herpes virus gD have been described [18,24]. Among those three, herpes virus entry mediator A (HveA) is also known as HVEM. This receptor is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily [25]. The other class of receptors is HveC which is

• br Conflicts of interest br Funding This work was supported

  2022-06-14

  

  Conflicts of interest Funding This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.81670558; 81800542), and the Science & Technology Development Fund of Tianjin Education Commission for Higher Education (No.2017KJ221). Acknowledgements Introduction Free fatty

• In the GLUT family glucose transporter

  2022-06-14

  

  In the GLUT family, glucose transporter 1(GLUT1) is primarily responsible for basal glucose uptake and maintenance of glucose basal metabolism in cells (Olson and Pessin, 1996). High GLUT1 expression occurred in various types of human cancers, like brain tumor, lung cancer and esophageal cancer (Nis

• br Vertebrate steroid receptor evolution br Conclusion

  2022-06-14

  

  Vertebrate steroid receptor evolution Conclusion The teleost WGD event resulted in the duplication of the vertebrate GR and MR and two GRs have been retained in the majority of teleost fish studied so far. The molecular basis for this retention has yet to be fully understood. The cloning of th

• br Competing interests br Acknowledgements br Introduction

  2022-06-14

  

  Competing interests Acknowledgements Introduction - Factors Regulating Glucose Tolerance Strictly speaking, the incretin effect refers to the amplification of insulin secretion, which occurs when A-443654 mg is taken in orally as compared to infused intravenously [1]. Normally, the insulin

• br Role of BKCa in Cardiovascular System

  2022-06-14

  

  Role of BKCa in Cardiovascular System Perspective for BKCa Channels as Potential Target for Cardiovascular Diseases The intermediate conductance Ca-activated K+ channels (IKCa; KCa3.1, also known as SK4, IK, IKCa1, SMIK) were first discovered in erythrocytes by Gardos (1958) and then also fo

• cox 2 inhibitor FXR agonists represent an attractive class o

  2022-06-14

  

  FXR agonists represent an attractive class of drugs for patients with PFIC. Synthetic and semi-synthetic FXR agonists, with higher affinity and potency to activate FXR, have been successfully tested in animal models of cholestasis. In these murine models, the semi-synthetic steroidal FXR ligand obe

• Biliary tract cancers BTC are categorized into intrahepatic

  2022-06-13

  

  Biliary tract cancers (BTC) are categorized into intrahepatic, perihilar, extrahepatic BTC (or cholangiocarcinoma) as well as gallbladder cancer (GBC). Although the incidence of BTC is low in developed countries (3% of gastrointestinal cancers), BTC is the second most common primary liver tumor afte

• The strict control of Spi expression is

  2022-06-13

  

  The strict control of Spi1 expression is critical for proper myeloid cell fate determination, and genetic or epigenetic changes in the Spi1 gene frequently contribute to the leukemogenesis in mice and human. It is has been shown that Spi1 expression is frequently downregulated in human AML patients

• Two typical properties of Gi o protein coupled

  2022-06-13

  

  Two typical properties of Gi/o protein-coupled receptors, namely an increase in 35S-GTPγS binding (Strange, 2010) and an inhibition of exocytotic noradrenaline release (Schlicker and Göthert, 1998), were not shared by H4 receptor activation on cortical membranes (guinea-pig and mouse) and cortical s

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