• br Physiology of the apelin pathway

  2023-10-01

  

  Physiology of the apelin pathway Role of apelin in heart disease Both apelin and apelin receptor null mice manifested moderate reduction in cardiac contractile function under basal conditions and their exercise capacity was markedly reduced (Table 1) [56]. Apelin has direct effects on the prop

• m1v1 m2v2 calculator Apelin is a bioactive peptide and endog

  2023-10-01

  

  Apelin is a bioactive peptide and endogenous ligand for the APJ receptor (APLNR), a member of the G protein coupled receptor family that shares a similar sequence as the angiotensin type-1 receptor (AT1) [5]. Early studies demonstrated that the apelin/APLNR receptor axis plays a significant role in

• br Diabetic retinopathy Diabetic retinopathy is a severe sig

  2023-10-01

  

  Diabetic retinopathy Diabetic retinopathy is a severe sight-threatening complication associated with diabetes mellitus. It is one of the most common causes of preventable blindness in the world. The risk of developing microvascular diabetic complications increases in diabetic patients with an inc

• br Conclusions br Funding This work

  2023-10-01

  

  Conclusions Funding This work was supported by a Finnish government subsidy for health science research [grant numbers TYH2012141, TYH 2013218, and TYH 2014216]; the SSAC Foundation [grant numbers SLS-504141 and SLS-693781]; and the Paulo Foundation. The funding sources had no involvement in s

• Neural activity resulting from sensory experience is require

  2023-10-01

  

  Neural activity resulting from sensory experience is required for the refinement and maturation of neural circuits during cortical critical periods. This refinement is thought to be important for functional optimization of primary sensory cortices, enabling critical functions such as feature detecti

• It remains to elucidate whether proteolytic activity is the

  2023-10-01

  

  It remains to elucidate whether proteolytic activity is the cause or the consequence of changing levels of peptidergic substrates. In fact, in some cases, the expression of the enzyme does not necessarily parallel with its activity [26], [55], [57] and other factors such as a definite biochemical en

• WKY and SHR strains have important differences mainly in the

  2023-10-01

  

  WKY and SHR strains have important differences mainly in their sympathetic status but also in the activity of the RAS. The development of hypertension in SHR is clearly related to an increase in sympathetic activity [51], [11]. In addition, increased renal sympathetic nerve activity led to an increa

• The metabolism of amino acids into volatile aldehydes involv

  2023-10-01

  

  The metabolism of amino acids into volatile aldehydes involves both decarboxylation and deamination steps. The order of these reactions and the enzymes performing the catalysis differ among plants [13]. In tomato fruit the conversion of L-Phe to 2-phenylethanal is catalyzed by two enzymatic steps, i

• During the year study period of men in the

  2023-10-01

  

  During the 4-year study period, 19.9% of men in the dutasteride group developed prostate cancer as compared to 25.1% in the placebo group, which represents an absolute risk NSC 66811 of 5.1% for men taking dutasteride (Pe weighed against the prospect of undesirable sexual side effects and decreased

• It has been reported that HT R involves

  2023-10-01

  

  It has been reported that 5-HT2R involves in type 2 diabetes mellitus and 5-HT-induced IR [22,23]. The present study also demonstrated that it is 5-HT2R rather than other 5-HT receptors, including 5-HT1BR and 5-HT7R, in the liver that mediates HFD-induced abnormality of hepatic lipid metabolism, and

• Evidences have suggested that impairment of CK activity

  2023-09-28

  

  Evidences have suggested that impairment of CK activity contributes to inhibition of Na+, K+-ATPase and H+-ATPase activities during infectious diseases, since these ATPases are dependent of ATP, as observed by Baldissera et al. [31] in fish experimentally infected by Aeromonas caviae. We observed th

• br Introduction In addition to ATP production an important

  2023-09-28

  

  Introduction In addition to ATP production, an important role of mitochondria in the pancreatic beta cell is anaplerosis, which is the net synthesis of citric resazurin cycle intermediates that are exported to the cytosol where they are converted to numerous other metabolites that stimulate and/o

• br Colorectal carcinoma The growth

  2023-09-28

  

  Colorectal carcinoma The growth rate of murine colon adenocarcinoma tumors decreased upon inhibition of 5-LOX, an enzyme that harbors counteracting properties to 15-LOX [28]. It is not clear whether 15-LOX was associated with this phenomenon, but its expression is induced in the colon carcinoma c

• From an historical perspective ligands for GPCRs adrenaline

  2023-09-28

  

  From an historical perspective, ligands for GPCRs (adrenaline, serotonin, LJH685 synthesis or morphine, to name a few) have been identified before their receptor counterparts, at a time when the concept of receptor itself was controversial [15]. Although many cognate receptors for endogenous ligand

• Previous investigations have established that aromatase acti

  2023-09-28

  

  Previous investigations have established that aromatase activity is regulated via two different pathways in a tissue-specific manner. The first is a slower transcription regulatory pathway that involves an alteration in gene transcription and represents what is classically thought of as the way by w

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